Knowledge About Vitamin Supplement 维生素补充剂的那些事儿 "

Why Buy Vitamins?

为什么要购买维生素片？

Knowledge About Vitamin Supplement 维生素补充剂的那些事儿

According to the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), a doctor may recommend that you take them:

根据美国家庭医师学会，医生处于以下考虑可能会推荐服用维生素：

for certain health problems

有相关健康问题

if you eat a vegetarian or vegan diet

素食者

if you are pregnant or breastfeeding

怀孕或处于哺乳期

If I take vitamins already, should I be eating foods that are fortified with vitamins as well? Is there such a thing as taking too many vitamins?

如果我已经服用维生素了，我是否也应该食用维生素加强食品呢？摄入过多的维生素会引起问题吗？

In some circumstances, additional vitamins and minerals may be helpful. However, taking too much of certain vitamins and other nutrients can be harmful under certain circumstances. The National Academy of Sciences has established for many nutrients "tolerable upper intake levels," which provide guidance on how much is safe. It is important to check with your health care professional for advice about your specific situation.

一些情况下，额外的维生素和矿物质摄入是有帮助的。不过，在某些情况下摄入过多的维生素和其他营养物质是有害的。美国国家科学院已制定了许多营养素的“摄入上限”，为安全食用提供了指引。重要的是要针对你的特殊情况咨询你的保健医生。

Risks of Overdoing It

维生素过量的风险

A (retinol, retinal, retinoic acid): Nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, blurred vision, clumsiness, birth defects, liver problems, possible risk of osteoporosis. You may be at greater risk of these effects if you drink high amounts of alcohol or you have liver problems, high cholesterol levels or don"t get enough protein.

维生素A（视黄醇、视黄醛、视黄酸）：恶心、呕吐、头痛、眩晕、视力模糊、笨拙、出生缺陷、肝脏问题、可能患骨质疏松的风险。如果你酗酒或有肝脏问题、高胆固醇或蛋白质不足，可能会有更大的风险。

D (calciferol): Nausea, vomiting, poor appetite, constipation, weakness, weight loss, confusion, heart rhythm problems, deposits of calcium and phosphate in soft tissues.

维生素D（钙化醇）：恶心、呕吐、食欲不振、便秘、虚弱、体重减少、紊乱、心率问题、软组织中的钙和磷酸盐沉积。

If you take blood thinners, talk to your doctor before taking vitamin E or vitamin K pills.

如果你服用血液稀释剂，在服用维生素E或K之前咨询医生。