答案：CDBBD ABDDA
托福阅读真题2
PASSAGE 23
Although only 1 person in 20 in the Colonial period lived in a city, thecities had a disproportionate influence on the development of North America.They were at the cutting edge of social change. It was in the cities that theelements that can be associated with modern capitalism first appeared — the useof money and commercial paper in place of barter, open competition in place ofsocial deference and hierarchy, with an attendant rise in social disorder, andthe appearance of factories using coat or water power in place of independentcraftspeople working with hand tools. The cities predicted the future, wrotehistorian Gary. B. Nash, even though they were but overgrown villages comparedto the great urban centers of Europe, the Middle East and China.
Except for Boston, whose population stabilized at about 16,000 in 1760,cities grew by exponential leaps through the eighteenth century. In the fifteenyears prior to the outbreak of the War for independence in 1775, more than200,000 immigrants arrived on North American shores. This meant that apopulation the size of Boston was arriving every year, and most of it flowedinto the port cities in the Northeast. Philadelphia's population nearly doubtedin those years, reaching about 30,000 in 1774, New York grew at almost the samerate, reaching about 25,000 by 1775.
The quality of the hinterland dictated the pace of growth of the cities.The land surrounding Boston had always been poor farm country, and by themid-eighteenth century it was virtually stripped of its timber. The availablefarmland was occupied, there was little in the region beyond the city to attractimmigrants. New York and Philadelphia, by contrast, served a rich and fertilehinterland laced with navigable watercourses. Scots, Irish, and Germans landedin these cities and followed the rivers inland. The regions around the cities ofNew York and Philadelphia became the breadbaskets of North America, sendinggrain not only to other colonies but also to England and southern Europe, wherecrippling droughts in the late 1760's created a whole new market.
1. Which of the following aspects of North America in the eighteenthcentury does the passage
mainly discuss?
(A) The effects of war on the growth of cities
(B) The growth and influence of cities
(C) The decline of farming in areas surrounding cities
(D) The causes of immigration to cities
2. Why does the author say that the cities had a disproportionate influenceon the development
of North America (lines 1-2)?
(A) The influence of the cities was mostly negative
(B) The populations of the cities were small, but their influence wasgreat.
(C) The cities were growing at a great rate.
(D) Most people pretended to live in cities
3. The phrase in place of in lines 4-5 is closest in meaning to
(A) connected to
(B) in addition to
(C) because of
(D) instead of
4. The word attendant in line 6 is closest in meaning to
(A) avoidable
(B) accompanying
(C) unwelcome
(D) unexpected
5. Which of the following is mentioned as an element of moderncapitalism?
(A) Open competition
(B) Social deference
(C) Social hierarchy
(D) Independent craftspeople
6. It can be inferred that in comparison with North American cities, citiesin Europe, the Middle
East, and China had
(A) large populations
(B) little independence
(C) frequent social disorder
(D) few power sources
7. The phrase exponential leaps in line 12 is closest in meaning to
(A) long wars
(B) new laws
(C) rapid increases
(D) exciting changes
8. The word it in line 15 refers to
(A) population
(B) size
(C) Boston
(D) Year
9. How many immigrants arrived in North America between 1760 and 1775?
(A) About 16,000
(B) About 25,000
(C) About 30,000
(D) More than 200,000
10. The word dictated in line 18 is closest in meaning to
(A) spoiled
(B) reduced
(C) determined
(D) divided
11. The word virtually in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) usually
(B) hardly
(C) very quickly
(D) almost completely
12. The region surrounding New York and Philadelphia is contrasted with theregion surrounding
Boston in terms of
(A) quality of farmland
(B) origin of immigrants
(C) opportunities for fishing
(D) type of grain grown
13. Why does the author describe the regions around the cities of New Yorkand Philadelphia as
breadbaskets?
(A) They produced grain especially for making bread.
(B) They stored large quantities of grain during periods of drought
(C) They supplied grain to other parts of North America and othercountries.
(D) They consumed more grain than all the other regions of NorthAmerica.
答案：BBDBA ACADC DAC
托福阅读真题3
PASSAGE 24
The spectacular aurora light displays that appear in Earth's atmospherearound the north and south magnetic poles were once mysterious phenomena. Now,scientists have data from satellites and ground-based observations from which weknow that the aurora brilliance is an immense electrical discharge similar tothat occurring in a neon sign.

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标题：TOEFL阅读理解|TOEFL托福阅读真题汇总( 二 )