【国际观察】乌克兰：比特币不属于货币、法币和证券任何与买卖、兑换和转换加密货币相关的

日前，乌克兰国家银行（后文简称NBU），乌克兰国家证券与股票市场委员会（后文简称NCSSM）和乌克兰国家金融服务市场监管委员会联合发布了一份关于加密货币的声明。乌克兰央行与该国最高金融监管机构近日联合发布了一份联合声明。

声明表示，尽管加密货币在全球存在着大量使用，包括作为一种价值衡量标准，一种交换方式。但其复杂的法律性质不允许它等同于任何相关概念（钱、货币、货币价值、法币、电子货币、证券、货币替代品等）。

截至发稿时，乌克兰金融监管机构已经提出了三个加密货币监管提案。

对此，NCSSM主席Timur Khromaev表示：

我们认为立法更改应符合国际趋势。当然，这‘不应该是对比特币的立法’。这在全球都是不存在的。立法应与技术中立。这些都是在某种特定活动种使用工具的问题（例如投资活动），立法应照顾到功能问题。

根据这三大金融监管机构所说，他们未来将继续研究加密货币的法律地位和监管框架，充分考虑“其他国家监管机构所采取的立场和这些技术的最新发展趋势。”

同时他们还警告，任何与买卖、兑换和转换加密货币相关的活动都涉及到大量风险，任何计划投资加密货币的人都应该意识到他们自己承担风险。此前，一些乌克兰立法者已经投资了比特币。今年8月份，3名乌克兰立法者宣称持有价值4700万美元的比特币。

英文原文

A joint statement between the Ukrainian central bank and the country’s top financial regulators shows that existing legal concepts do not apply to cryptocurrencies. For example, they cannot be recognized as money, legal tender, currency or securities.

1Crypto Legal Status Dilemma

Ukraine is actively working on the regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies. The country’s top financial regulators, the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU), the National Securities and Stock Market Commission (NCSSM), and the National Commission for the Regulation of Financial Services Markets, jointly issued a statement regarding cryptocurrencies on Thursday.

They noted the lack of one single approach to determine the legal status of cryptocurrencies or their regulations among the regulators of the world’s leading countries. As for Ukraine, cryptocurrency does not fall under any existing legislation so it “cannot be recognized as money” or “as a currency or legal tender of a foreign state and has no monetary value,” the three financial authorities explained. In addition, cryptocurrency cannot be recognized as electronic money, valuable paper, or money surrogate. According to their statement:

Despite the existence of numerous uses of cryptocurrency in the world including as a measure of value, a means of exchange and accumulation, its complex legal nature does not allow it to be identified with any of the related concepts (money, currency, currency value, legal tender, electronic money, securities, money surrogate, etc.).

2Ukraine’s Cryptocurrency Bills

There have already been three proposals for cryptocurrency regulations in Ukraine.

We have already submitted our comments” on the cryptocurrency draft laws, NBU deputy governor Oleg Churiy said at a central bank’s briefing on Thursday. “The introduction of such projects into the parliament is a little premature,” Ain news outlet quoted him saying. NCSSM Chairman Timur Khromaev also spoke at the same briefing. The publication quoted him saying:

We believe that changes in legislation should be consistent with international trends. This, of course, should not be ‘legislation on bitcoin.’ Such in the world does not exist. Legislation should be neutral to technology. These are the issues of using tools in a certain activity (for example, investment activity). Legislation should deal with functional issues.

According to the three financial regulators, they will continue to work on the legal status and regulatory framework of cryptocurrency, taking into account “the position of regulators in other countries and the latest trends in the development of such technologies.

Meanwhile, they “warn that any activity related to buying, selling, exchanging and converting” cryptocurrencies involves a large number of risks, adding that “anyone who plans to invest in cryptocurrency should realize that they carry out such operations at their own risk.” Some Ukrainian lawmakers have invested in bitcoin. In August, three of them declared bitcoin holdings worth $47 million.

译者：Kyle

原文来源：巴比特资讯

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