护理SCI晨读：过渡护理计划在等待冠状动脉搭桥手术人群中的有效性：一项随机对照试验

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摘要
目的这项研究检查了过渡护理计划（TCP）在等待择期冠状动脉搭桥术（CABG）手术的人群中对焦虑，抑郁，心脏自我效能，住院次数和护理满意度的有效性。
设计一项随机对照试验。
方法符合研究标准（n = 104）的冠心病参与者被随机分配到接受TCP常规护理的干预组（n = 52），或仅接受常规护理的对照组（n = 52）。技术合作计划基于过渡护理模型而制定，包括医院出院计划和每周六次家庭电话随访，以提供针对个人需求的健康教育，咨询，监测和情感支持。从基线开始收集数据，然后在计划实施后的第1、6和8周收集。使用描述性统计数据，重复测量方差分析和Z检验对数据进行分析。
发现在项目开始后第1、6和8周，干预组的焦虑和抑郁感较对照组低。在第6周和第8周，干预组的心脏自我效能和护理满意度高于对照组。此外，干预组在第8周的住院率明显低于对照组。
结论 TCP可以减少焦虑症，抑郁症和住院次数，同时在等待CABG的人群中提高心脏的自我效能和护理满意度。
临床相关性护士处于举足轻重的地位，可以使护理过渡更加安全。提供出院教育和定期电话联系可以增强有关等待择期心脏手术的患者的积极结局。
Purpose This study examined the effectiveness of the Transitional Care Program (TCP) on the anxiety, depression, cardiac self-efficacy, number of hospitalizations, and satisfaction with care among people awaiting elective coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
Design The study design was a randomized controlled trial.
The participants with coronary artery disease who met the study criteria (n = 104) were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 52) receiving the TCP plus routine care, or the control group (n = 52) receiving routine care only. The TCP, developed based on the Transitional Care Model, comprised hospital discharge planning and six weekly home telephone follow-ups to provide health education, counseling, monitoring, and emotional support tailored to the individual’s needs. Data were collected at baseline, and then at weeks 1, 6, and 8 after program enrollment. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, repeated-measures analysis of variance, and the Z test.
Findings The intervention group had lower anxiety and depression than did the control group at weeks 1, 6, and 8 after program enrollment. At weeks 6 and 8, the intervention group exhibited higher cardiac self-efficacy and satisfaction with care than the control group. Further, the intervention group had a significantly lower number of hospitalizations than the control group at week 8.