自我护理|照顾者在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我护理方面的经验：定性研究的专题综合 https://p0.ssl.img.360kuai.com/dmfd/

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Abstract
Aim
To identify, analyze and synthesize qualitative studies on caregivers’ experiences of contributions to the self-care of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).
Background
COPD patients perform daily self-care behaviours to manage the disease. With aging and disease progression, patients need to rely on the contributions of informal caregivers, usually family members, for disease management. Caregivers’ normal or habitual contributions to patients’ self-care have not yet been completely investigated.
Design
Thematic synthesis of qualitative studies.
Data sources
CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, Emcare and OpenGrey databases were searched from inception to September 2020. The search was restricted to English-language papers.
Review methods
Studies were critically appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. The initial line-by-line codes were aggregated into descriptive themes from which analytical themes were derived.
Results
Fifteen papers from nine countries, published 2009–2020, were included. Six analytical themes encompassing 22 descriptive themes were identified and grouped in two overarching themes describing caregivers’ experiences of contributions to patients’ self-care during the stable and exacerbation phases of COPD. In the stable phases, caregivers contribute through maintaining disease stability, promoting healthy behaviours, fostering normal life and helping perform daily activities. During exacerbations, caregivers contribute through assessing, monitoring and managing symptoms in collaboration with patients or autonomously. They contribute by performing actions, motivating patients, organizing care, sensing variations in symptoms, acquiring knowledge and educating patients, making decisions, communicating and collaborating with healthcare providers and patients and advocating for patients.
Conclusion
This thematic synthesis enlarges knowledge of caregivers’ contributions to patients’ self-care in COPD, detailing the ways by which caregivers provide care to patients.
Impact
Contributing daily to the self-care of a family member with COPD is a complex experience. Nurses need to acknowledge the importance of caregivers’ contributions to patient disease management and develop effective educational interventions to support them.
摘要翻译（仅供参考）
目的
确定、分析和综合关于照顾者对慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD) 患者自我护理的贡献经验的定性研究。
背景
COPD 患者通过日常自我保健行为来控制疾病。随着年龄的增长和疾病的进展，患者需要依靠非正式照顾者（通常是家庭成员）的贡献来管理疾病。照顾者对患者自我护理的正常或习惯性贡献尚未完全调查。
设计
定性研究的专题综合。
数据源
CINAHL、EMBASE、PubMed、PsycINFO、Web of Science、Scopus、Emcare 和 OpenGrey 数据库从开始到 2020 年 9 月进行了搜索。搜索仅限于英文论文。
复习方法
使用批判性评估技能计划清单对研究进行批判性评估。最初的逐行代码被聚合成描述性主题，从中派生出分析主题。
结果
包括 2009-2020 年发表的 9 个国家的 15 篇论文。确定了包含 22 个描述性主题的 6 个分析主题，并将其分为两个总体主题，描述了照顾者在 COPD 稳定和恶化阶段对患者自我护理的贡献的经历。在稳定阶段，照顾者通过维持疾病稳定、促进健康行为、培养正常生活和帮助进行日常活动来做出贡献。在病情恶化期间，照顾者通过与患者合作或自主地评估、监测和管理症状来做出贡献。他们通过采取行动、激励患者、组织护理、感知症状变化、获取知识和教育患者、做出决定、
结论
该专题综合扩大了对照顾者对 COPD 患者自我护理的贡献的知识，详细说明了照顾者为患者提供护理的方式。
影响
每天为患有 COPD 的家庭成员的自我保健做出贡献是一种复杂的经历。护士需要承认照顾者对患者疾病管理所做贡献的重要性，并制定有效的教育干预措施来支持他们。
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【 自我护理|照顾者在慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我护理方面的经验：定性研究的专题综合】
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