1. According to the passage , gold, copper, and silver are
(A) more difficult to handle than wood and
(B) of their stable social conditions
(C) of the unique stylistic features of their art
(D) available only in specific locations
2. The word conclusive in line 7 is closest in meaning to
(A) definitive
(B) controversial
(C) concurrent
(D) realistic
3. The word apparent in line 8 is closest in meaning to
(A) attractive
(B) logical
(C) evident
(D) distinct
4. Why does the author mention the supernatural powers of a stone or treein line 10?
(A) to show that some sculptors avoid working with specific materials
(B) to emphasize the unusual properties of certain materials
(C) as an example of how art can be influenced by cultural beliefs
(D) as an illustration of the impact of the environment on religiousbeliefs
5. The word it in line 13 refers to
(A) realization
(B) society
(C) extent
(D) influence
6. It can be inferred that the author mentions the Japanese and Romansocieties because
(A) they influenced each other stone
(B) commonly used by artists in all societies
(C) essential to create ceremonial objects
(D) they used the same artistic material in very different ways
7. According to the passage , all of the following statements about sandare true EXCEPT
(A) It is used to create glass.
(B) Roman artists mix it into their paints.
(C) Its use varies from culture to culture.
(D) Japanese artists use it to create artistic patterns.
8. The word Moreover in line 16 is closest in meaning to
(A) similarly
(B) in addition
(C) in contrast
(D) frequently
9. The word preoccupation in line 20 is closest in meaning to
(A) involvement
(B) separation
(C) relationship
(D) argument
10. The word primary in line 21 is closest in meaning to
(A) discrete
(B) preliminary
(C) ideal
(D) fundamental
PASSAGE 5 DACCB DBBAD
托福阅读真题3
PASSAGE 6
Potash (the old name for potassium carbonate) is one of the two alkalis(the other being soda,sodium carbonate) that were used from remote antiquity inthe making of glass, and from theearly Middle Ages in the making of soap: theformer being the product of heating a mixture ofalkali and sand, the latter aproduct of alkali and vegetable oil. Their importance in thecommunities ofcolonial North America need hardly be stressed.
Potash and soda are not interchangeable for all purposes, but for glass- orsoap-making eitherwould do. Soda was obtained largely from the ashes of certainMediterranean sea plants, potashfrom those of inland vegetation. Hence potashwas more familiar to the early European settlersof the North Americancontinent.
The settlement at Jamestown in Virginia was in many ways a microcosm of theeconomy ofcolonial North America, and potash was one of its first concerns. Itwas required for theglassworks, the first factory in the British colonies, andwas produced in sufficient quantity topermit the inclusion of potash in thefirst cargo shipped out of Jamestown. The second ship toarrive in the settlementfrom England included among its passengers experts in potash making.
The method of making potash was simple enough. Logs was piled up and burnedin the open,and the ashes collected. The ashes were placed in a barrel withholes in the bottom, and waterwas poured over them. The solution draining fromthe barrel was boiled down in iron kettles. Theresulting mass was further heatedto fuse the mass into what was called potash.
In North America, potash making quickly became an adjunct to the clearingof land foragriculture, for it was estimated that as much as half the cost ofclearing land could be recoveredby the sale of potash. Some potash was exportedfrom Maine and New Hampshire in theseventeenth century, but the market turnedout to be mainly domestic, consisting mostly ofshipments from the northern tothe southern colonies. For despite the beginning of the trade atJamestown andsuch encouragements as a series of acts to encourage the making ofpotash,beginning in 1707 in South Carolina, the softwoods in the South proved tobe poor sources of thesubstance.
1. What aspect of potash does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) How it was made
(B) Its value as a product for export
(C) How it differs from other alkalis
(D) Its importance in colonial North America
2. All of the following statements are true of both potash and sodaEXPECT:
(A) They are alkalis.
(B) They are made from sea plants.
(C) They are used in making soap.
(D) They are used in making glass.
3. They phrase the latter in line 4 refers to
(A) alkali
(B) glass
(C) sand
(D) soap
4. The word stressed in line 6 is closest in meaning to
(A) defined
(B) emphasized
(C) adjusted
(D) mentioned
5. The word interchangeable in line 7 is closest in meaning to
(A) convenient
(B) identifiable

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标题：TOEFL写作|托福阅读真题汇总( 二 )