天台山为何成为唐代诗人的“诗和远方”( 三 ) 金学|顾彬|金庸|大者|侠之大者

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天台山大瀑布。
除了描绘山水和记录文化，天台山唐诗还忠实地记录了当时天台山的物产、传说和当时隐居者的生活，具有一定的史料价值，读来别有兴味。李敬方在《天台晴望》中写道：“林果黄梅尽，山苗半夏新”，这说明当时黄梅和半夏都是天台山的重要物产。多位诗人还提到琪树，如李绅专门写诗，表达了对琪树的喜爱之情，诗人的描写非常认真，不像是在作伪，可能真有这种树存在。陆龟蒙和李德裕则专门写诗描绘华顶杖和金松。另外，刘晨阮肇遇仙的浪漫传说多次出现在诗中，元稹在《桃源洞》诗中发问：“桃花飞尽东风起，何处消沉去不来？”桃花飞尽，不见仙人，为这首诗增添了理趣。诗人曹唐写了组诗，再现了神人恋爱、悲欢离合之全过程，使神话更为优美，诗句“洞里有天春寂寞，人间无路月茫茫”“桃花流水依然在，不见当时劝酒人”，读来让人荡气回肠，为之感叹。另外，陈寡言、徐凝和刘长卿的诗歌反映了当时隐士的生活风貌，陈寡言诗《玉霄山居》云：“醉卧茅堂不闭关，觉来开眼见青山。松花落处宿猿在，麋鹿群群林际还”，描述了隐居者悠然的生活。
阅读唐人天台山诗歌，有种梦回唐朝的穿越感，仿佛在和诗人一起在天台寺的灯光下阅读，一起看石梁飞瀑，一起穿云踏叶而来，一起看琪树飞花，一起走过十里松林大道，一起和他们追寻长生之道。唐代诗人在天台山游历和生活的风貌，都在这些诗中记录了下来。天台山的美丽和神圣在唐诗中有了一个诗意的栖息地，唐诗也因其文学地位为天台山增添了光彩，从而使天台山深深地刻上了唐诗的烙印。天台山的美和唐诗的美互相映照，相得益彰。今人如果不读天台山唐诗，借古人之眼来看天台山，则难尽其妙，因为每个山峰，每个洞穴，每个瀑布，每棵树木，不是死物，而是有文化传承的。
（图片均由天台县文广旅体局提供）
Mountain Where Tang Poems Bloom
In as early as the Tang Dynasty, Mt. Tiantai already enjoyed an established fame for its holy mystery and epic beauty as well as its rich cultural connotation. In the eye of the romanticists at that time, the mist-wrapped mountaintop was the Elysium.
Among the mountain’s admirers were many poets who set off from Chang’an, the capital city of Tang, on a long journey that took them to Yangzhou and many places along the Grand Canal and eventually into the mountainous vistas of the Tiantai area. The route is romanticized by cultural scholars today as the “Road of Tang Poetry”.
【天台山为何成为唐代诗人的“诗和远方”】The long list of Mt. Tiantai’s fans during the Tang Dynasty includes Li Bai, Meng Haoran, Jia Dao, Zhou He, etc. There were also lesser-known names such as Xu Ning, Chen Guayan, Liu Changqing, Cao Tang, just to name a few. Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, never got a chance to actually visit the mountain, but he released his yearning for the wonderland by extolling the gorgeous scenery out of his imagination. The mountain’s religious elements are also mentioned a lot in the Tang poems.

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国清讲寺
In one of his poems, Meng Haoran ranked the Huading Peak of Mt. Tiantai as the finest in the natural landscapes of the Jiangnan regions. Li Ying, a late Tang poet, had no mood for understatement in his Revisiting Tiantai. “The mountains and rivers in Tiantai are second to none,” he concluded.