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2018.6

六级试卷解析

南京新东方团队

Part

Ⅰ

Writing (30minutes)

整体评述：

今年的写作题目相对简单，试题沿袭近两年的开放式题型趋势，题意理解上没有设置障碍，都是基础写作词汇。直接在题干中出现了主题词，一套为师生之间信任的重要性，一套为商家和消费者之间构建信任的重要性，一套为雇员和雇主之间维持信任的重要性。这次的考题谈信任的重要性，和我们

2012

年

月的真题

“Maintaining Trust”

很相似，而说到两者关系，又跟我们

2017

年

月四级考试考察的“如何处理关系”有异曲同工之妙。所以，本次写作难度不大，全文按照总分总的三段式展开。第一段点出主题，说明两者之间建立信任的重要性，第二段分析原因，即，为什么重要，第三段可以给出建议措施，如何培养信任，也可以通过归纳总结的方式再次说明重要性。注意的是，题干里说明可用举例子的方式论证，说明题目本身比较抽象，建议学生中间用具体事例来证明。

第一套

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on theimportance of building trust between teachers and students. You can citeexamples to illustrate your views. You are required to write at least 150 wordsbut no more than 200 words.

There isno denying that building trust between teachers and students is of great importancein many aspects of our life, which has sparked a heated discussion recently.

Severalreasons may account for this phenomenon. On the one hand, it is a commonplace thatteachers and students have some disagreements. Teachers, experienced and matureas they are, should be more tolerant when having conflicts with students andtry to have more openly conversations with their students. On the other hand,students are supposed to put themselves in teachers’ shoes and consider thingsfrom other perspectives. For instance, students who have more respect for theirteachers always have better performance in their study, thus we ought toundoubtedly trust our teachers.

To sum up, from what have been discussed above,it is reasonable and sound to say that with combined efforts from both sides,the relationship will be improved through building trust between teachers andstudents.

第二套

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on theimportance of building trust between employers and employees. You can citeexamples to illustrate your views. You are required to write at least 150 wordsbut no more than 200 words.

After we leave the tower of ivory, thecompany can be seen as our second family. Dealing the relationship between employersand employees, therefore, is becoming increasingly important nowadays. Since theconflicts between the two sides are to a large extent the result of distrust. Maintainingtrust between them is our prior task.

Usually, in a team, the employer plays thekey role, who shoulders the responsibility of leading the team towards the goalof the company. If there is no trust between him and his team members, how canhe ensure a harmonious relationship in the team, and thus get immeasurablepower of cooperation. Take Jack Ma for example, but for the trust between himand his employees, he would not have won respect from everyone and made Taobao thebiggest shopping platform online. Furthermore, a company consists of peoplefrom all over the world, which is a miniature of our society. Directly orindirectly, corporate values affect social values. It is trust that narrows thegap between people, facilitating the construction of a harmonious society.

To sum up, trust lays a solid foundationfor teamwork. Joint efforts by both employers and employees will make apositive change to environment we work, and contribute to our interpersonalrelationship.

Part

Ⅱ

Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

材料大意：

Conversation 1

女生做吃的

gazpacho

（西班牙凉菜汤）

cold soup, vegetables,“

液体沙拉

”

第一次

summer vacation

去西班牙的时候吃的

Cured hams

（腌火腿）

dry and salty

贵现在超市能买到但在西班牙能买到整条猪腿过节吃长刀切

Q1.

关于

gazpacho

，我们知道什么

Q2.

面包蘸

gazpacho

的目的是什么

Q3.

为什么女生认为

gazpacho

健康？

Q4.

文章关于

Cured hams

说了什么

Conversation 2:

男士买酒送老板生日礼物，不能太贵，中等价位。女士推荐不同酒。

最便宜的

table wine

，不推荐；最贵的超过

150

刀；中等价位的

30~60

刀，

decent

；

男士想要

30~40

刀的

女士说

red wine

是

safest option

，比

white wine

更

popular

特别推荐

Italian wines.Fruity with medium acidity

其中

Chianti

这种酒是

Italy most famoustype of red wine

更容易搭配食物

还推荐一款

less common

的

Zinfandel

，是克罗地亚

Croatia

的葡萄，

more spicy &peppery

总结

Chianti

更

classical /Zinfandel

更

exciting

，价格都差不多，低于

刀

男士最终选

Chianti

Q5.

女士认为

table wines

怎么样

Q6.

男士选择什么价位的酒

Q7.

女士为什么推荐

red wine?

Q8.

男士最后买了什么酒？

Passage 1:

密码

secret codes

越难越想解

战时特别重要

WWII

的时候美军使用了纳瓦霍

Navajo

语（吴宇森电影《风语者》）

没有文字口口相传具体使用方式

战后政府表彰，是战时使用过的最成功的密码

Q9.

作者认为大部分人都喜欢做什么？

Q10.

关于

Navajo

我们知道什么？

Q11.

文章中心思想是什么？

Part

Ⅲ

Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

整体评述

2018年6月的六级考试总体难度就阅读这个单项，难度与以往基本持平。就选词填空这一部分而言，与我们在课上所讲解的解题技巧相一致。第一步将选项根据词性分类，第一套题今年名词6个，动词4个，形容词5个，副词没有考察。因此将单词分类之后，我们很快把15选1缩小到了最多是6选1，最少的情况是4选1。另外，名词通过简单判断单复数形式，动词通过时态和非谓语动词还可以进一步缩小范围。

Section A

Directions:In this section, there is a passage with tenblanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list ofchoices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage throughcarefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified bya letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more thanonce.

Did Sarah Josepha Hale write “Mary’s LittleLamb,” the eternal nursery rhyme (

儿歌

) aboutgirl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it’s clearthat the woman

forwriting it was one of America’s most fascinating

.In honor of the poem publication on May 24,1830, here’s more about the

author’s life.

Hale wasn’t just a writer, she was also a

social advocate, and she was particularly

with an ideal New England, which sheassociated with abundant Thanksgiving meals that she claimed had “a deep moralinfluence,” she began a nationwide

to have a national holiday declared that wouldbring families together while celebrating the

festivals. In 1863,after17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it.President Abraham Lincoln duringthe Civil War,issued a _

_33_

_ setting aside the last Thursday in November for theholiday.

The true authorship of “Mary’s Little Lamb”is disputed. According to New England Historical Society, Hale wrote only onepart of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author, it seemsthat the poem was _

_34_

_by a real event. When young Mary Sawyer wasfollowed to school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander namedJohn Roulstone wrote a poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herselfseems to have helped write it. However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece isto be trusted, Hale claimed for the _

_35__

of her life that “Some otherpeople pretended that someone else wrote the poem”.

26.

答案

解析：空格前为名词，空格后为介词，空格处为动词，根据时态和语义，此处答案为“

reputed

”意为已。。。著称。

27.

答案

解析：空格前为形容词，空格处填名词，根据名词词义及此处为复数名词，选择答案为“

characters

”

意为角色。

28.

答案

解析：空前为定冠词

the

，空后为名词，空格处填形容词，根据上下文语义，此处答案为“

supposed

”

意为假定的。

29.

答案

解析：空前为不定冠词

，空后为名词，空格处填形容词，根据上下文，此处答案为“

fierce

”

意为狂热的。

30.

答案

解析：空前

动词，空后介词，空格填动词，根据上下文，此处答案为“

obsessed

”，表示痴迷。

31.

答案

解析：空前为不定冠词

加形容词，空格处为名词，且为单数，根据上下文语义，此处答案为“

campaign

”，意为运动。

32.

答案

解析：空前定冠词

the

，空后名词，空格填形容词，结合语义选择“

traditional

”，表示传统的。

33.

答案

解析：空格前为不定冠词

，空格处填名词，结合上下文选择“

proclamation

”，意为宣言。

34.

答案

解析：空前

动词，空后介词，空格处填动词，选择答案为“

inspired

”，意为激励。

35.

答案

解析：空前定冠词

the

，空后介词，空格处填名词，根据语义，选择答案为“

rest

”，表示剩余的。

PartIV Translation

（

30 minutes）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write youranswer on Answer sheet 2.

整体评述：

与最近几年的六级翻译真题相比，本次六级翻译真题的难度适中：首先，从词汇上来看，本次六级翻译依然注重词汇的准确使用及词组的地道搭配，例如“上下班”、“出台新规”、“车位”、“交通堵塞”、“采取措施”等等；其次，从句型的角度看，本次六级翻译依然重视固定句型的运用及单句之间的逻辑连接。据此，建议备考六级的同学，在充分了解英语和汉语在句式和标点符号等方面异同的基础上，大量背诵和积累产出性英语词汇，这样才能在六级翻译中游刃有余。

第一套

过去，拥有一辆私家车对大部分中国人而言是件奢侈的事。如今，私家车在中国随处可见。汽车成了人们生活中不可或缺的一部分，他们不仅开车上下班，还经常驾车出游。有些城市的汽车增长速度过快，以至于交通拥堵和停车位不足的问题日益严峻，这些城市的市政府不得不出台新规，限制上路汽车的数量。由于空气污染日益严重，现在越来越多的人选择购买新能源汽车，中国政府也采取了一些措施，支持新能源汽车的发展。

In the past, it was luxurious for mostChinese people to own private cars. However, private cars can be seeneverywhere in the country, and thus cars have become an indispensable part inpeople’s lives. People not only commute by car but travel by car as well. Therehas been a drastic rise in the number of cars in some cities, which furthergives rise to traffic congestion and inadequacy in parking space. Therefore,the municipal government in these cities has to issue new regulations so as torestrict the number of the cars running on the road. Due to the fact that airpollution has been increasingly serious, more and more people nowadays chooseto buy new energy automobiles. And Chinese government has also taken measuresto support the development of new energy vehicles.

逐句解析如下：

第一句：

过去，拥有一辆私家车对大部分中国人而言是件奢侈的事。

可用形式主语itis adj. for sb. to do的句型来处理。

词汇：

奢侈的：luxurious

因此，该句翻译如下：

In the past, it was luxurious formost Chinese people to own private cars.

如果不会运用luxurious，也可以根据意思“私家车是人们买不起的”，可处理为“Chinesepeople cannot afford private cars.”

第二句：

如今，私家车在中国随处可见。

第二句与第一句间有较明确的转折逻辑关系，可在第二句前添加转折关系词。

需注意：主干是被动语态。

主干: 私家车被随处可见。

“在中国”作状语。

因此，该句翻译如下：

However, private cars can be seen everywherein the country.

第三句：

汽车成了人们生活中不可或缺的一部分，他们不仅开车上下班，还经常驾车出游。

该句两个分句可成两个独立句子。

“他们不仅开车上下班，还经常驾车出游。”可用基本句型“not only… but(also)…”衔接。

词汇：

不可或缺的indispensable

上下班 commute

驾车出游 travelby car

该句翻译如下：

Cars have become an indispensable part in people’s lives. People not onlycommute by car but travel by car as well.

若没有掌握“不可或缺的”一词，可译为significantlyimportant。

第四句：

有些城市的汽车增长速度过快，以至于交通拥堵和停车位不足的问题日益严峻。

该句稍为复杂。一是词汇难度较大，而是句型的处理难度较大。

词汇：

交通拥堵 trafficcongestion

停车位不足inadequacy in parking space

句型一：可将重点放在“太…以至于…”，若以该句型处理，“汽车增长速度过快”可处理为“汽车过快增长”——the number of cars increases fast. 需注意，增长的主语写清楚，是汽车的数量。

句型二：根据意思改写为“过快增长的汽车数量进一步导致了交通拥堵和停车位不足的问题”。

因此，两种句型的翻译分别如下：

（

）

The number of cars in some cities increasesso fast that traffic congestion and inadequacy in parking space are gettingincreasingly serious.

(2) There has been a drastic rise in thenumber of cars in some cities, which further gives rise to traffic congestionand inadequacy in parking space.

译文（

）运用了非限定从，因此，推荐用（

）

“

交通拥堵和停车位不足的问题

”

涉及省译，

“

问题

”

指的就是

“

交通拥堵和停车位不足

”

，因而没必要再将

“

问题

”

译出。

第五句：

这些城市的市政府不得不出台新规，限制上路汽车的数量。

词汇：

市政府：

the municipal government

出台新规：

issue new regulations

限制：

restrict/ control

上路汽车：

(

在路上形式的汽车

) carsrunning on the road

由于

“

出台

”

和

“

限制

”

两个动词有明确的目的关系，可用

to do

或者

so as to

表目的状语。

因此，译文如下：

The municipal government in these cities hasto issue new regulations so as to restrict the number of the cars running onthe road.

若

“

市政府

”municipal government

写不出，可用

localgovernment

或

city’s government

替代。

第六句：

由于空气污染日益严重，现在越来越多的人选择购买新能源汽车。

词汇：空气污染

air pollution

新能源汽车

new energy vehicle/automobile

“

由于

…”

处理为原因状语，需要注意的是各个类型的状语连接词后面接的是句子还是名词。比如，

due to +

名词，

because of +

名词，

because +

句子。

因此，该句的翻译如下：

Due to the fact that air pollution has beenincreasingly serious, more and more people nowadays choose to buy new energyautomobiles.

第七句：

中国政府也采取了一些措施，支持新能源汽车的发展。

词汇：

采取措施

take measures

由于

“

采取

”

和

“

支持

”

两个动词有明确的目的关系，可用

to do

表目的状语，且符合相关词组搭配

“take measures to do…”

因此，该句译文如下：

Chinese government has also taken measures tosupport the development of new energy vehicles.

鉴于翻译满分为

分（试卷按照满分

100

分计算），成绩分为六个档次：

13-15

分、

10-12

分、

7-9

分、

4-6

分、

1-3

分和

分。各档次的评分标准具体如下：

分数段分布

具体翻译表现

13-15

分

译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。

10-12

分

译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。

7-9

分

译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。

4-6

分

译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思。用词不准确，有相当多的严重语言错误。

1-3

分

译文支离破碎。除个别词语或句子，绝大部分文字没有表达原文意思。

分

未作答，或只有几个孤立的词，或译文与原文毫不相关。

该篇翻译难度适中，

据此，以下翻译得分基本在

9—10

分之间：

For most Chinese people, owing a private caris expensive in the past. Nowadays, private cars are everywhere in China. Carhas become an important part of people’s life. They tend to drive to work andoften travel by car. Cars in some cities increase so fast that traffic aregetting increasingly busy. City’s governments are trying to control the numberof cars. Because air pollution is becoming serious, more and more people chooseto buy new energy cars, and Chinese government has taken measures to supportthe new energy car.

这一评分标准细则和基本及格翻译范文的展示说明，为了在最短的时间得到最为有效的分数，四级考生们务必在最短时间内，抓住最为重要的信息进行有效翻译。换言之，对于基础较弱、翻译时间有限的考生来说，则完全可以放弃翻译细枝末节的繁杂信息。

对完这次的六级答案你是什么心情，快来和我们分享一下

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