【TPM英文】谈谈TPM之AM（自主维护）七大步今天分享的是TPM英文

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谈谈TPM之AM（自主维护）七大步

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AM（自主维护）7大步骤

清洁与检查

This is a similar stage to the 5S Shine stage with a similar purpose. We need to remove all dirt and grime from the machine, not for the purposes of making the machine pretty but to uncover and highlight any and all problems within the machine. This will require the machine to be taken out of production, all fluids drained and covers removed so that every part of the machine can be inspected and cleaned. We seek to remove the grime of past years and bring the machine back to how it was when it was first purchased, thoroughly inspecting each and every part of the machine to highlight any damage or wear.

这一步的与5S的清扫阶段类似，目的也是相近的。在这一步中，我们得把灰尘和污垢从机器上清理出去，这样做的目的当然不是让机器看起来更美观，而是发现并关注设备上存在的问题。这一步要求机器不再生产，将所有的污液排空，把所有的盖板拆开，由此，我们可以对设备的每一个部位进行检查与清洁。我们尝试去清理机器上过去几年累积下来的污垢，让机器回到购买回来时的状态，彻底检查机器的每个部位，并关注损坏与磨损的情况。

We use Red Tags to highlight any problems, these problems if possible should be rectified immediately but if necessary a plan should be put in place to fix problems and remove the remaining red tags.

我们使用TPM红牌来关注机器问题，如果可能的话，这些问题应该得到立即纠正，而如果必要的话，应该制定计划来解决问题，并移除剩余的红牌。

The cleaning and inspection should be done by the operators and maintenance crew responsible for the machine so that they become familiar with the machines details and can see where dirt accumulates and how and what problems are occurring.

清洁与检查的工作，应该是由机器的操作及维护人员负责，以便让他们更加熟悉机器的具体情况，并能发现在什么地方有灰尘堆积，问题是如何发生的，以及具体发生的是什么问题。

SEE STEP 2 →

消除污染源

When we clean and inspect our machines we should look at where the dirt that we remove is coming from; is it being produced inside the machine or is it coming into the machine from outside. We should seek to either remove or minimise these sources of contamination that cause us to need to clean our machines.

在对机器执行清洁与检查时，我们应该仔细查看清理掉的灰尘是在机器哪里产生的；是在机器内部产生，还是从机器外部进到机器内部的。我们应该寻求去消除让我们去清洁机器的污染源，或者将污染源控制到最小化。

We should also look at any areas that are difficult to reach or that may be unsafe to improve access to them so that future cleaning and inspection can be done without problems and as quickly as possible. This can also include the replacement of covers with Perspex or similar see through materials so that checking is much easier.

我们也需要观察机器的很难接触到的区域，或者对可能不太安全的区域进行改进，以便将来对机器进行清洁与检查时不出现问题，并能尽快完成。包括将盖板替换成有机玻璃，或者类似的透明材料，这样，检查就变得容易多了。

SEE STEP 3 →

清洁与润滑标准创建

The first two stages set the stage for the operators to define the maintenance steps that they can conduct to prevent further deterioration of the machine. They have to define what they will clean, lubricate, tighten and inspect, how they will do it, how often and so forth to ensure that they keep the machine in its optimum condition.

前两大阶段，为操作员设定了可以执行的维护步骤，以防机器状况进一步恶化。必须定义清洁、润滑、紧固和检查，以及操作员怎么去做，频次等，以确保他们将机器保持在最佳状态。

SEE STEP 4 →

对常规检查进行培训

We now have the experts (maintenance technicians, team leaders) conduct in depth training with the operators to explain the function and purpose of each component of the machine as well as training in problem solving skills such as the 5 whys.

现在，我们有专家（维修技术员、班组长）对操作员进行进一步的培训，以解释机器各个零件的功能与用途，也会培训诸如5Why之类的问题解决技巧。

We then have the operators re-inspect the machines with their new-found knowledge and highlight any new problems discovered in much the same way that we did in stage one.

就像我们在第一阶段所做的一样，我们需要让操作员运用新的知识来重新检查机器，并关注发现的新问题。

SEE STEP 5→

实施自主检查

With what they have learned in stage 4 the operators modify the standards and instructions that they put in place for the first three stages of autonomous maintenance to streamline and improve their maintenance tasks.

基于在第四阶段所学，操作员对AM（自主维护）前3个阶段的标准与指南进行修改，以精简和改善维护任务。

The tasks at this stage are also compared and rationalized with the maintenance departments own maintenance schedules allowing tasks to be allocated correctly and prevent duplication of effort.

这个阶段的任务也会与维修部门的维护计划进行比较和精简，以便正确分配任务，并防止重复劳动。

SEE STEP 6 →

实施可视化维护管理

Just as in 5S, one of the main aims of TPM is standardisation, we seek to standardise the maintenance work that we do and also try to make the workplace as “visual” as possible. We create formal standards for our autonomous maintenance and look at improving the visual management of our machines. We highlight the direction of flow of fluids through pipework, which way levers and valves have to be turned to open and close, highlight “safe” or “normal” operating values on gauges and sight glasses in green and undesirable readings in red, all to make things as obvious as possible to anyone if things are operating correctly. The various principles of 5S should be thoroughly applied not just to the machine but the relevant associated equipment, tools and materials.

就像5S一样，TPM的主要目标之一是标准化，我们寻求对机器维护工作进行标准化，并尽可能让工作场所“可视化”。我们为自主维护（AM））建立正式的标准，并着眼于对机器的可视化管理进行改善。我们强调液体通过管道的流动方向，手柄和阀门必须转向开或关，关注仪表上的“安全”或“正常”的操作值，以及观测镜上的绿色和不希望出现的红色读数，这样做是为了尽可能让所有人清楚地知道操作是否正确。5S的各种原则，不仅应该适用于机器，还应适用于相关的相应设备、工具以及物料。

SEE STEP 7 →

持续改进

We repeat and improve on all that we have found and done in the previous stages to continually improve and reinforce what we are doing with autonomous maintenance. We maintain good records of what we have done and the failures that occur and so forth that can then be fed back to the maintenance technicians to be integrated into future designs of machines to improve reliability and make maintenance easier.

我们不断改进在前几个阶段发现的问题项，并用自主维护（AM）来不断改进和强化所做的工作。我们有已完成事项与故障发生的良好记录，然后，可以将相关的情况反馈给维修技术员，以整合到未来的机器设计上，以便提高机器可靠性，使维护工作变得更容易。

Team leaders, managers and maintenance technicians should also audit the work done by the operators on a regular basis to be able to both congratulate the operators on a job well done and to give them the benefits of their knowledge.

班组长、经理和维修技术员也应定期审核操作工的工作，这样既能对操作工做的好的工作进行认可，又能在知识上面给到帮助。

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