好书|比尔·盖茨 2020 年终书单：糟糕一年里的五本好书比尔·盖茨|book|爱泼斯坦|比尔盖茨|好

IT之家12月13日消息近期，比尔盖茨带来了 2020 年终书单：糟糕一年里的五本好书。2020 年毫无疑问可以称得上是困难时期，IT之家获悉，本次比尔盖茨推荐了《新吉姆 · 克劳：色盲时代的大规模监禁》、《范围：为什么通才能在专业化的世界中取胜》、《辉煌与邪恶：闪电战期间丘吉尔、家人与反抗的传奇》、《间谍与叛徒：冷战时期最伟大的间谍故事》、《从盐来的呼吸：致命的遗传性疾病、科学新时代、以及改变医学的病人和家庭》五本书。

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In tough times—and there’s no doubt that 2020 qualifies as tough times—those of us who love to read turn to all kinds of different books. This year, sometimes I chose to go deeper on a difficult subject, like the injustices that underlie this year’s Black Lives Matter protests. Other times I needed a change of pace, something lighter at the end of the day. As a result, I read a wide range of books, and a lot of excellent ones. Here are five books on a variety of subjects that I’d recommend as we wrap up 2020. I hope you find something that helps you—or the book lover in your life—finish the year on a good note.
在困难时期——2020 年毫无疑问可以称得上是困难时期——我们中那些喜爱阅读的人尝试了所有种类的不同书籍。今年，有些时候我选择在一个棘手问题上深入探索，例如作为今年 “黑人的命也是命”运动基础的不公正问题。其他时候，我需要换一个节奏，在一天结束时想点轻松些的事。这造成我读了各种各样的书，其中不乏优秀作品。在 2020 年行将结束时，我想推荐以下五本涉及各类主题的书。希望你能从中有所收获，从而帮助你——或你认识的喜爱阅读的朋友——给这一年画上美好的句号。
The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness
《新吉姆 · 克劳：色盲时代的大规模监禁》By Michelle Alexander | 米歇尔 · 亚历山大著

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Like many white people, I’ve tried to deepen my understanding of systemic racism in recent months. Alexander’s book offers an eye-opening look into how the criminal justice system unfairly targets communities of color, and especially Black communities. It’s especially good at explaining the history and the numbers behind mass incarceration. I was familiar with some of the data, but Alexander really helps put it in context. I finished the book more convinced than ever that we need a more just approach to sentencing and more investment in communities of color.
与许多白人一样，近几个月来，我一直在尝试加深自己对系统性种族主义的理解。亚历山大的这本书提供了一个令人眼界大开的视角，用来看待我们的刑事司法体系如何不公地对待有色人种群体——尤其是黑人群体。这本书尤其擅长解释大规模监禁背后的历史和数字。我了解其中的一些数据，但亚历山大很好地为数据提供了背景。读完这本书，我更加确信我们需要一个更加公正的宣判方式，以及更多对于有色人种群体的投入。
Range: Why Generalists Triumph in a Specialized World《范围：为什么通才能在专业化的世界中取胜》By David Epstein | 大卫 · 爱泼斯坦著

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I started following Epstein’s work after watching his fantastic 2014 TED talk on sports performance. In this fascinating book, he argues that although the world seems to demand more and more specialization—in your career, for example—what we actually need is more people “who start broad and embrace diverse experiences and perspectives while they progress.” His examples run from Roger Federer to Charles Darwin to Cold War-era experts on Soviet affairs. I think his ideas even help explain some of Microsoft’s success, because we hired people who had real breadth within their field and across domains. If you’re a generalist who has ever felt overshadowed by your specialist colleagues, this book is for you.