聚英OD学苑|共赢的组织文化，了解一下？

_本文原题：共赢的组织文化，了解一下？

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What is organizational culture?
什么是组织文化？
If we begin by defining culture, we would have more insight into the definition of organizational culture. So, let’s define culture.
如果我们从定义“文化”开始，我们就会更深入地了解“组织文化”的定义。所以，我们先来定义一下，什么是“文化” 。
Culture is the shared attitudes, beliefs, customs, and written and unwritten rules that have been developed over time and are considered highly valuable. Culture relies on these essential components being shared (GothamCulture, 2018). With this in mind, let’s now consider the definition of culture in an organization.
文化是一种共同的态度、信仰、习俗、以及随着时间的推移而形成的书面和不成文的规则，被认为是非常有价值的。文化依赖于共享的这些基本要素（GothamCulture ， 2018）。明确以上这些，现在，我们来考虑组织中文化的定义。
Organizational culture is the sharing of underlying beliefs, language, assumptions, systems, values and ways of interacting that contribute to the unique social and psychological environment of an organization. It involves an organization’s expectations, experiences, philosophy, as well as the values that guide member behavior being expressed in internal operations, external connections, members’ self-image, and future goals.
组织文化是对基础信念、语言、假设、系统、价值观和相互作用方式的共享，这有助于形成组织独特的社会和心理环境。它涉及组织的期望、经验、哲学以及指导成员行为在内部运作、外部联系、自我形象和未来目标中所表达出的价值观。
The 4 Types of Organizational Culture
组织文化的四种类型
Through research, Robert E. Quinn and Kim S. Cameron at the University of Michigan in the United States of America, introduced what they believe are the 4 types of organizational culture. These 4 types of culture are the clan culture, the adhocracy culture, the market culture, and the hierarchy culture. To consider what type of organizational culture may be is most suitable for your company, I will briefly give you a synopsis of the four types of organizational culture and their qualities.
通过研究，美国密歇根大学的Robert E. Quinn和Kim S. Cameron介绍了他们认为的4种组织文化。这四种文化是宗族文化、民主文化、市场文化和等级文化。为了确定最适合您所在公司的组织文化类型，我简要介绍下四种组织文化及其内涵。

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The Clan Culture’s focal point is on collaboration. Employees share commonalities and see themselves as part of a big, active and involved family. In this “family,” the leadership mirrors mentorship. The culture in the organization is created and maintained by commitments and traditions through the use of teamwork, communication and a general consensus.
宗族文化的重点是合作。员工分享共同点，将自己视为活跃大家庭的一部分。在这个“家庭”中，领导基本等同于导师。组织中的文化是通过在承诺和传统中的团队合作、沟通和达成普遍共识得以创造和维护的。分页标题
The Adhocracy Culture is based on energy and creativity where employees are encouraged to take risks and think in nontraditional ways. The core values are based on change and agility and the leaders are seen as innovative entrepreneurs who impart these qualities into their teams. This kind of organization is created and maintained by experimentation, with an emphasis on individual ingenuity and freedom.
民主文化以能量和创造力为基础，鼓励员工以非传统方式承担风险和思考。核心价值观基于变革和敏捷性，领导者被视为创新型的企业家，他们将这些品质融入到团队当中。这类组织是通过实验创建和维护的，看重个人的独创性和自由。
The Market Culture’s focal point is dynamics of competition and using these dynamics to achieve concrete results. The market share and profitability are the primary values here. The leaders of this organizational type are tough, demanding and goal-oriented. This requires the organization to be united by a common goal to succeed and beat all competitors – current and future.
【聚英OD学苑|共赢的组织文化，了解一下？】市场文化的焦点是竞争的动态，并利用这些动态来取得具体成果。市场份额和盈利能力是这里的主要价值。这种组织类型的领导者是强硬、苛刻和目标导向的。这要求组织通过制定共同目标，团结一致，取得成功，击败所有当下和未来的竞争对手。
Lastly, we have the Hierarchy Culture which is founded on structure and control. This kind of organizational culture has a very formal work environment with strict institutional procedures and practices. The leadership is based on organized coordination and monitoring their employees. The primary values include consistency, uniformity, an emphasis on efficiency and predictability.
最后，我们来介绍基于结构和控制的层次结构文化。这种组织文化具有非常正式的工作环境，并拥有严格的制度程序和实践。领导层的基础是有组织的协调和监督员工。首要的价值观包括连贯性、一致性、强调效率和可预测性。