双语阅读 | 性骚扰事件频发，如何应对？#Me Too #Me Too"

Have you ever been inappropriately touched by strangers oncrowded buses or subways? Have you ever received anysuggestive text messages from people you barely know?

你曾在拥挤的公交或地铁上遭遇过“咸猪手”吗？你曾经收到过来自陌生人的挑逗短信吗?

A recent survey conducted by students from the School of Public Health at Sun Yat-sen Universityfound that 81 percent of the students they surveyed wanted to know how to protect themselvesfrom sexual harassment, and 61 percent were worried about preventing it from occuring.

不久前，几名来自中山大学公共卫生学院的学生进行了一项调查，结果显示81%的受访者想知道如何应对性骚扰，61%的受访学生担心不知如何阻止性骚扰。

But what exactly is sexual harassment? “Sexual harassment can be defined as words or conduct of a sexual nature that create an embarrassing, hostile, humiliating or offensive situationfor the victim,” said Chen Zuhui, a doctoral candidate of Public Health at Jinan University in Guangzhou.

“而性骚扰到底是什么?广州暨南大学公共卫生专业博士陈祖辉认为：“性骚扰可以被定义为：令受害者感到尴尬、敌意、羞辱或无礼的性暗示语言或行为。”

Iit can involve a wide range of actions, including gestures, physical acts, sexual innuendos, and verbal demands for sexual favors. It can be as seemingly innocent as someone asking if you got laid over the weekend.

性骚扰的范围很广，包括手势、动作、性暗示以及口头要求。性骚扰有时看上去好像是无意冒犯，例如说有人会问你周末和人上过床没有?

“Sometimes these signs are so subtle that it’s tough to recognize them. But don’t wait until they become serious before taking action,” Chen said. “Sexual harassment is not a condition experienced just by women, men can face it as well,” he aded.

陈祖辉说：“有时候这些性骚扰的迹象很隐晦，以致于很难发现。但是不要等到事态严重时才有所行动。”并补充道：“性骚扰不仅仅是女性会面对的状况，男人也可能会遭遇性骚扰。”

Psychological experts warn that sexual harassment might start as a one-off event, but the moment it becomes routine a victim’s life can descend into a nightmare.

心理学家提醒，性骚扰可能始于单一事件，但是一旦它成了家常便饭的话，受害者的生活可能会演变成一场噩梦。

Liu Yanjie, deputy director of the Student Office at Xiamen University urges those affected by sexual harassment to take action. The first step is to clearly communicate the problem.

厦门大学学生工作处副处长刘艳杰鼓励那些遭遇性骚扰的人采取行动。第一步是就这一问题明确表明态度。

For instance, when a stranger makes an offensive remark toward you, you can politely tell him or her to stop. If someone touches you often, being assertive in what you say, “Could you please avoid putting your handson me? It makes me uncomfortable.” Protest while there are other people around who can act as witnesses, and don’t laugh or smile or do anything else to make the harasser think you are joking.

比如说，当一个陌生人对你言语冒犯时，你可以礼貌地加以制止。如果有人经常碰触你的身体，要果断做出言语上的回应：“请不要把手放在我身上，这让我感到不舒服。” 当还有其他人在场时，要抗议，他人可以成为目击者；不要大笑、微笑，或做出其他会让骚扰者认为你在开玩笑的行为。

If this still doesn’t stop the offender, it’s wise to keep a record of all incidents that have occurred. Write down the timing and exactly what happened, as well as the names of people who saw it happen. Save any texts, sound recordings or pictures you receive as evidence.

如果这样还不能够阻止骚扰者，最好将已经发生的事件记录下来。写下时间、事情发生的经过、以及目击者的名字，保留短信、录音或是图片以作为证据。

It’s also important to speak out to others. “Don’t blame yourself. You didn’t ask to be harassed. Likewise, you shouldn’t deny what’s happening or downplay the effects of harassment,” said Guan Kuiling, a teacher of Psychological Consultation at the Ocean University of China.

与人倾诉这点也很重要。来自中国海洋大学的心理咨询老师管葵玲说：“不要自责，谁都不想遭遇性骚扰。同样，你也不应回避已经发生的事，轻视性骚扰所造成的影响。”

FOR social scientists the apparent epidemic of propositioning, pinching, groping and flashing that is gripping America brings a rare opportunity to observe a new norm, around how men behave towards women, being created in real time.

向异性求欢、性挑逗（抚摸、捏掐）、露阴等性骚扰行为就像流行病一样困扰着美国。但与此同时，也为社会科学家们提供了一个难得的机会。他们借此可以观察男性对待女性的新标准的形成。

Government statistics produced by the Centres for Disease Control and Protection suggest that one in five women and one in 60 men have been a victim of rape or an attempted rape in their lifetime. On the other end of the scale, sexual harassment—a charge that rarely carries criminal punishment—is far more common, and harder still to count.

美国疾病控制与预防中心发布的官方统计数据显示，大约有五分之一的女性以及六十分之一的男性曾是强奸或强奸未遂的受害者。性侵犯行为的另一端，性骚扰——这项几乎不受刑事处罚的指控——则更加普遍，统计起来难度更大。

It is also a fairly new phenomenon, in the sense that there was no phrase that described it until the late-1970s. That coincided with women’s growing importance in the labour force as their share of jobs rose from 33% to 42% over the preceding two decades.

性骚扰现象相对出现得较晚，直到20世纪70年代末才出现描述这种行为的词语。无独有偶，这一时期女性在职场上的重要性也日益增加。此前二十年间，女性职员比重从33%上升到了42%。

（图片来自：视觉中国）

A new poll from the Wall Street Journal and NBC found 48% of female workers said they had personally experienced sexual harassment at work. Meanwhile, 41% of employed men said they’d witnessed sexual harassment occur at work.

华尔街日报和美国全国广播公司公布的一项最新民意调查显示，48%的职场女性称自己曾遭受过职场性骚扰。同时，41%的职场男性表示曾亲眼目睹过职场性骚扰事件。

And the vast majority of survey respondents agreed that sexual harassment in the workplace is quite common: 67% said they believe that sexual harassment takes place in most or almost all work environments, including 62% of men and 71% of women.

大部分受调查对象认为职场性骚扰现象非常普遍：67%的调查对象相信（62%的男性和71%的女性），大部分或几乎所有的工作场合都会发生性骚扰事件。

In 1991, by contrast, when a similar poll was taken, 63% of Americans said they thought sexual harassment happened in most or almost all workplaces.

而在1991年，类似的民意调查显示，有63%的美国人认为大部分或几乎所有的工作场合都会发生性骚扰事件。

The new poll surveyed 900 adults, including 265 working women and 286 employed men.

这项新调查的调查对象为900位成年人，其中包括265位职场女性及286位职场男性。

“Very consistent that sexual harassment leads to a number of negative and at times profound psychological conditions, including depression,” says Carol Landau, clinical professor of psychiatry and human behavior and medicine at the Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University.

布朗大学沃伦·艾伯特医学院精神病学、人类行为和医药学临床教授卡罗尔·兰多表示，该研究和另一项调查得出了一致的结论，认为性骚扰会对心理健康造成负面影响，有时情况会很严重，比如抑郁症。

According to Equal Rights Advocates, a national civil rights organization that"s "dedicated to protecting and expanding economic and educational access and opportunities for women and girls," 90 to 95 percent of sexually harassed women suffer from some form of stress reaction– not only anxiety or depression, but also headaches, sleep disorders, weight loss or gain, nausea, lowered self-esteem and sexual dysfunction. Landau adds alcohol abuse to that harrowing list.

全国民权组织Equal Rights Advocates致力于保护并拓展女性从事经济活动、接受教育的渠道与机遇，该组织的数据显示，遭遇性骚扰的女性中有90%~95%出现了某种形式的应激反应，不仅表现为焦虑或抑郁，还有头痛、失眠、体重下降或增加、恶心、自尊心受挫、性功能障碍等症状。兰多还将酗酒列入了不良后果之中。

The best way to prevent the spiral toward depression, she says, is by seeking support. “Like any other condition associated with shame – alcohol or other substance abuse, child sexual abuse – social support or connecting with other people with the same condition is most important,” Landau says.

寻找依靠是防止抑郁的最佳方式，兰多说道：“就像酒精或药物滥用、儿童性骚扰等令人感到羞耻的情况一样，最重要的是寻求社会支持或与相似境况的人取得联系。”

For example, she suggests reaching out to another woman at work might be a first step if a woman is not comfortable going to the police or the company"s human resources department. Such support can reduce feelings of shame and guilt, record patterns of the perpetrator’s behavior to assist other potential victims and lead to improved coping skills and strategies, she says.

例如，她建议，如果当事人认为报警或找公司人力部门不太方便，那么，第一步可以向女同事求助。这种支持可以减少羞耻感和内疚感，记录不轨者的行径，帮助其他潜在受害者，并提高应对技能和策略。

The creation of new norms around acceptable behaviour is likely to prove more effective. And there is already evidence that attitudes to harassment are changing.

或许更为有效的是为可接受行为创立新的规范。有证据显示，人们面对性骚扰的态度正在改变。

Younger men are likely to be more respectful than older men in their behaviour towards women, and they are also more likely to agree with women about what is acceptable. On this subject at least, younger Americans are more conservative than their elders.

他们发现，相较于年长者，年轻男性可能对女性更为尊重，而对于什么是可以接受的接触，他们的意见也更可能与女性保持一致。至少在这个问题上，年轻的美国人比他们的长辈更为保守。

综编自：英美者、FT每日英语、译世界等

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